# Day 1: Variables and Mathematical Operations¶

The agenda of the first day is to do some trivial things, like printing something and doing school arithmetic.

## 1. Print Function¶

A program can be perfect but produce no output unless it is not told to do so. To get the output from the program we have to use print function. Like mathematics functions in python are objects which takes some input and produce some output. Many functions are inbuilt in python. Later we will learn to define our own functions.

Now let's try the first program in any language is usually printing Hello World!. In python it is very simple and intuitive.

print("Hello World!")

Hello World!


## 2. Defining variable¶

In every programming language, we can assign something a value. To define a variable just choose a variable name and assign it to a value using = as follows

x = 24 # an integer
pi = 3.14 # a float
msg = "Hello World!" # a string


Now we can recall these value by it's variable. Like here msg is assigned to Hello World!. We can print this by simply

print(x)
print(pi)
print(msg)

24
3.14
Hello World!


Ex: Choose three variables and assign one as an integer, one as a float and one as a string, and print them.

A variable can be assigned multiple times in a program. Only the last value will be printed.

name = "Ram Kumar"   # name is Ram Kumar
name = "Shyam Kumar" # name is Shyam Kumar
print(name)

Shyam Kumar


Using Comment Inside Code

The line after # got ignored by the python. It is called a comment in any programming language. You can use comment to add some instructions to the code.

## 3. Mathematical Operations¶

Mathematical operations, i.e., addition, subtraction etc. can be done as

5 + 6 # addition
5 - 6 # subtraction
5 * 6 # multiplication
5 / 6 # division
5 ** 6 # exponent or power


Ex: Choose two variable x and y and assign each one as an integer. Try each of the above operations on them like x+y. Finally print them

x = 2
y = 3
z = x + y
print(z)

5


### 3.1 Mathematical Expression¶

We can use these operations to evaluate complicated mathematical expressions in python, for example, we can compute as follows

x = 5
y = 3
z = (x**2 + 1) / (y-1)
print(z)

13